Extracted string literals to strings.xml and refactored GettingStartedActivity

app/src/main/java/uprrp/tania/activities/GettingStartedActivity.java

@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ import java.io.FileInputStream;
 import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.net.MalformedURLException;
 
 import uprrp.tania.GlobalValues;
 import uprrp.tania.R;
@@ -55,59 +54,49 @@ import uprrp.tania.SendConsentForm;
 
 public class GettingStartedActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
 
+    private static final String TAG = "GettingStartedActivity";
     private static final int REQUEST_CONSENT = 0;
-
     public static final String VISUAL_CONSENT_IDENTIFIER = "visual_consent_identifier";
     public static final String CONSENT_DOC = "consent_doc";
-    public static final String SIGNATURE_FORM_STEP = "form_step";
-    public static final String NAME = "name";
+//    public static final String SIGNATURE_FORM_STEP = "form_step";
+//    public static final String NAME = "name";
     public static final String CONSENT = "consent";
     public static final String SIGNATURE = "signature";
 
     @Override
     protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
+
+        // Constructor stuff
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.activity_getting_started);
 
         // Get permission to write to external storage - files
-        String[] permissions = {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};
+        String[] permissions = { Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE };
         requestPermissions(permissions, 1);
 
-        Button createAccount = findViewById(R.id.buttonCreateAccount);
-        Button loginAccount = findViewById(R.id.buttonRecoverAccount);
-
-        createAccount.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
+        // Attach onClick listeners to buttons
+        Button createAccountButton = findViewById(R.id.buttonCreateAccount);
+        Button loginAccountButton = findViewById(R.id.buttonRecoverAccount);
+        createAccountButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
             @Override
             public void onClick(View v) {
-                try {
                     launchConsent();
-                } catch (Exception e) {
-                    e.printStackTrace();
-                }
             }
         });
-
-        loginAccount.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
+        loginAccountButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
             @Override
             public void onClick(View v) {
-                try {
-                    Intent loginAccountIntent = new Intent(GettingStartedActivity.this, LoginActivity.class);
-                    startActivity(loginAccountIntent);
-
-                } catch (Exception e) {
-                    e.printStackTrace();
-                }
+                Intent loginAccountIntent = new Intent(GettingStartedActivity.this, LoginActivity.class);
+                startActivity(loginAccountIntent);
             }
         });
 
-
     }
 
     @Override
     protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
         super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
-
-        if (requestCode == REQUEST_CONSENT && resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
+        if(requestCode == REQUEST_CONSENT && resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
             processConsentResult((TaskResult) data.getSerializableExtra(ViewTaskActivity.EXTRA_TASK_RESULT));
         }
     }
@@ -115,143 +104,89 @@ public class GettingStartedActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
 
     @Override
     public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String permissions [], int[] grantResults) {
-        if (requestCode == 1) {
-                if (grantResults[0] != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
-                    Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Permission for writing to external storage: DENIED", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
-                }
+        if(requestCode == 1) {
+            if(grantResults[0] != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
+                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Permission for writing to external storage: DENIED", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
+            }
         }
     }
 
 
     private void processConsentResult(TaskResult result) {
+
         boolean consented = (boolean) result.getStepResult(CONSENT_DOC).getResult();
+        StorageAccess.getInstance().getAppDatabase().saveTaskResult(result);
 
-        if (consented) {
+        if(consented) {
             try {
-                StorageAccess.getInstance().getAppDatabase().saveTaskResult(result);
 
+                // Get signature in base64
                 TaskResult taskResult = StorageAccess.getInstance()
                         .getAppDatabase()
                         .loadLatestTaskResult(CONSENT);
-
                 String signatureBase64 = (String) taskResult.getStepResult(SIGNATURE)
                         .getResultForIdentifier(ConsentSignatureStepLayout.KEY_SIGNATURE);
 
+                // Get signature date
                 String signatureDate = (String) result.getStepResult(SIGNATURE)
                         .getResultForIdentifier(ConsentSignatureStepLayout.KEY_SIGNATURE_DATE);
 
+                // Use signature to get encoded consent form
                 byte[] signatureBytes = Base64.decode(signatureBase64, Base64.DEFAULT);
-
                 String consentFormBase64 = createPdf(signatureBytes, signatureDate);
 
-
-                JSONObject signature = new JSONObject();
-                try {
-                    signature.put("signaturePDFBase64", consentFormBase64);
-                    signature.put("signatureDate", signatureDate);
-                    signature.put("token", GlobalValues.getInstance().getDeviceToken()); // FirebaseInstanceId.getInstance().getToken()
-
-                } catch (JSONException e) {
-                    e.printStackTrace();
-                }
-
-                Log.d("CONSENT JSON", signature.toString());
+                // Send JSON with consent form, signature date, and token
+                JSONObject signatureJSON = new JSONObject();
+                signatureJSON.put("signaturePDFBase64", consentFormBase64);
+                signatureJSON.put("signatureDate", signatureDate);
+                signatureJSON.put("token", GlobalValues.getInstance().getDeviceToken()); // FirebaseInstanceId.getInstance().getToken()
+                Log.d("CONSENT JSON", signatureJSON.toString()); // log
                 SendConsentForm sendConsentForm = new SendConsentForm();
-                sendConsentForm.execute(signature.toString());
+                sendConsentForm.execute(signatureJSON.toString());
 
+                // Save consent signature and date separately on preferences
                 SharedPreferences prefs = getSharedPreferences("prefs", MODE_PRIVATE);
                 SharedPreferences.Editor editor = prefs.edit();
                 editor.putString("consentSignature", signatureBase64);
                 editor.putString("consentDate", signatureDate);
                 editor.apply();
 
+                // Prompt user to register as student
                 Intent registration = new Intent(this, RegisterActivity.class);
                 startActivity(registration);
+
+            } catch (JSONException e) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Couldn't prepare consent form JSON!");
+                e.printStackTrace();
             } catch (Exception e) {
-                Log.e("CONSENT ERROR", e.getMessage());
+                Log.e(TAG, "Error on processConsentResult(): " + e.getMessage());
+                e.printStackTrace();
             }
         }
+
     }
 
 
     private void launchConsent() {
-        ConsentDocument document = new ConsentDocument();
-        document.setTitle("TANIA Consent");
-        document.setSignaturePageTitle(R.string.rsb_consent);
 
-        // Create consent visual sections
+
+        // Consent Section 1 - Overview (Welcome)
         ConsentSection section1 = new ConsentSection(ConsentSection.Type.Overview);
-        section1.setTitle("Welcome");
-        section1.setSummary("You have been invited to participate in this study whose objectives are" +
-                " (1) to develop and demonstrate the utility of a mobile application (TANIA) " +
-                "to collect perception data of students participating in research experiences " +
-                "and (2) to use TANIA to determine the sources of self-efficacy that lead to " +
-                "career exploration and decision-making in undergraduate students.");
+        section1.setTitle(getString(R.string.overviewTitleText));
+        section1.setSummary(getString(R.string.overviewConsentSectionSummaryText));
+        section1.setContent(getString(R.string.overviewConsentSectionContentText));
 
-        section1.setContent("This study is been carried out under the supervision of Dr. Juan S. Ramírez Lugo," +
-                " Department of Biology and Dr. Carlos Corrada Bravo, Department of Computer Sciences" +
-                " at the University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus. You were selected to participate " +
-                "in this study because you are enrolled in a course that offers a research experience " +
-                "or you voluntarily participate in research with a professor affiliated to the Río Piedras" +
-                " Campus. ");
+        ConsentVisualStep visualStep1 = new ConsentVisualStep(VISUAL_CONSENT_IDENTIFIER);
+        visualStep1.setStepTitle(R.string.rsb_consent);
+        visualStep1.setSection(section1);
+        visualStep1.setNextButtonString("Next");
 
 
+        // Consent Section 2 - Time Commitment
         ConsentSection section2 = new ConsentSection(ConsentSection.Type.TimeCommitment);
-        section2.setTitle("Time Commitment");
-        section2.setSummary("In the study you will be asked to answer a questionnaire, about your perception of self-efficacy" +
-                " in research, scientific identity and decision-making about your professional career at the beginning" +
-                " and end of your research experience. It will take you between 10-20 minutes to answer this questionnaire.");
-        section2.setContent("You are also expected to respond to short questionnaires between 1-3 times per week while you are participating" +
-                " in the research. You will receive notifications at random times during your research experience and answer " +
-                "questions adapted from survey instruments that have been previously validated. It will take you between " +
-                "1-3 minutes to answer these questionnaires. It is expected that 25 students will participate in this phase " +
-                "of the study.");
-
-        ConsentSection section3 = new ConsentSection(ConsentSection.Type.DataGathering);
-        section3.setTitle("Data Gathering");
-        section3.setSummary("While answering the questions, you may feel uncomfortable because the questions " +
-                "are about your general opinion about science and research and your career. If you feel " +
-                "uncomfortable with the questions, you can stop and choose not to answer the question.");
-
-        section3.setContent("In addition, when you download the application, it will occupy space in the memory " +
-                "of your mobile device and also consume your data plan in the transmission of information when you " +
-                "answer the questionnaires. It is estimated that the application will have a size of 40 Mb " +
-                "(As reference the WhatsApp application is 88.9 Mb). Although at the moment we cannot say exactly " +
-                "how much memory or data you will consume, we understand that both will be minimal. The risks of this" +
-                " study are minimal. ");
-
-        ConsentSection section4 = new ConsentSection(ConsentSection.Type.Privacy);
-        section4.setTitle("Privacy");
-        section4.setSummary("Your identity will be protected throughout the study. Your identifiable information " +
-                "will be handled confidentially and when presenting the results of the investigation you will not " +
-                "be identified.");
-
-        section4.setContent("The information you issue through the application will be through access credentials " +
-                "(username and password) that only you will know. These access credentials will be encrypted and any " +
-                "subsequent association between you and your data will be made by reference to the encrypted " +
-                "information, not your personal identity. The data collected through the questionnaires will " +
-                "be stored digitally on a secure hard drive in the researcher's office. These data will also be stored " +
-                "virtually in the cloud, with access limited only to researchers.");
-
-        ConsentSection section5 = new ConsentSection(ConsentSection.Type.DataUse);
-        section5.setTitle("Use of Data");
-        section5.setSummary("The data obtained will be used to improve academic offerings and research experiences. " +
-                "The results of this study may be part of a scientific publication on science education strategies and " +
-                "will serve as a basis to improve the teaching curriculum. ");
-        section5.setContent("It may be used to develop proposals for obtaining external funds for research. The officials " +
-                "of the Rio Piedras Campus of the University of Puerto Rico and / or federal agencies responsible for ensuring " +
-                "the integrity of the research may require the researcher to prove the data obtained in this study, including " +
-                "this informed consent.\n" + "\n" + "The information handled by your device can be intervened or revised by " +
-                "third parties. These people can be people with legitimate or illegitimate access to the device and its content " +
-                "such as a family member, employer, hackers, intruders, etc. In addition, the device that you use may keep track " +
-                "of the information you access or send over the Internet.\n");
-
-        // ...add more sections as needed, then create a visual consent step
-        ConsentVisualStep visualStep = new ConsentVisualStep(VISUAL_CONSENT_IDENTIFIER);
-        visualStep.setStepTitle(R.string.rsb_consent);
-        visualStep.setSection(section1);
-        visualStep.setNextButtonString("Next");
-
+        section2.setTitle(getString(R.string.timeCommitmentTitleText));
+        section2.setSummary(getString(R.string.timeCommitmentConsentSectionSummaryText));
+        section2.setContent(getString(R.string.timeCommitmentConsentSectionContentText));
 
         ConsentVisualStep visualStep2 = new ConsentVisualStep("visual_step_2");
         visualStep2.setStepTitle(R.string.rsb_consent);
@@ -259,18 +194,36 @@ public class GettingStartedActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
         visualStep2.setNextButtonString("Next");
 
 
+        // Consent Section 3 - Data Gathering
+        ConsentSection section3 = new ConsentSection(ConsentSection.Type.DataGathering);
+        section3.setTitle(getString(R.string.dataGatheringTitleText));
+        section3.setSummary(getString(R.string.dataGatheringConsentSectionSummaryText));
+        section3.setContent(getString(R.string.dataGatheringConsentSectionContentText));
+
         ConsentVisualStep visualStep3 = new ConsentVisualStep("visual_step_3");
         visualStep3.setStepTitle(R.string.rsb_consent);
         visualStep3.setSection(section3);
         visualStep3.setNextButtonString("Next");
 
 
+        // Consent Section 4 - Privacy
+        ConsentSection section4 = new ConsentSection(ConsentSection.Type.Privacy);
+        section4.setTitle(getString(R.string.privacyTitleText));
+        section4.setSummary(getString(R.string.privacyConsentSectionSummaryText));
+        section4.setContent(getString(R.string.privacyConsentSectionContentText));
+
         ConsentVisualStep visualStep4 = new ConsentVisualStep("visual_step_4");
         visualStep4.setStepTitle(R.string.rsb_consent);
         visualStep4.setSection(section4);
         visualStep4.setNextButtonString("Next");
 
 
+        // Consent Section 5 - Data Use
+        ConsentSection section5 = new ConsentSection(ConsentSection.Type.DataUse);
+        section5.setTitle(getString(R.string.dataUseTitleText));
+        section5.setSummary(getString(R.string.dataUseConsentSectionSummaryText));
+        section5.setContent(getString(R.string.dataUseConsentSectionContentText));
+
         ConsentVisualStep visualStep5 = new ConsentVisualStep("visual_step_5");
         visualStep5.setStepTitle(R.string.rsb_consent);
         visualStep5.setSection(section5);
@@ -282,98 +235,47 @@ public class GettingStartedActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
         signature.setRequiresName(true);
         signature.setRequiresSignatureImage(true);
 
+
         // Create our HTML to show the user and have them accept or decline.
-        StringBuilder docBuilder = new StringBuilder(
-                "</br><div style=\"padding: 10px 10px 10px 10px;\" class='header'>");
-        String title = getString(R.string.rsb_consent_review_title);
-        docBuilder.append(String.format(
-                "<h1 style=\"text-align: center; font-family:sans-serif-light;\">%1$s</h1>",
-                title));
-        String detail = getString(R.string.rsb_consent_review_instruction);
-        docBuilder.append(String.format("<p style=\"text-align: center\">%1$s</p>", detail));
-        docBuilder.append("</div></br>");
-        docBuilder.append("<div> <h2> Welcome </h2>\n" +
-                "<p align='justify'> You have been invited to participate in this study whose objectives are (1) " +
-                "to develop and demonstrate the utility of a mobile application (TANIA) to collect " +
-                "perception data of students participating in research experiences and (2) to use " +
-                "TANIA to determine the sources of self-efficacy that lead to career exploration " +
-                "and decision-making in undergraduate students. This study is been carried out " +
-                "under the supervision of Dr. Juan S. Ramirez Lugo, Department of Biology and " +
-                "Dr. Carlos Corrada Bravo, Department of Computer Sciences at the University of " +
-                "Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus. You were selected to participate in this study " +
-                "because you are enrolled in a course that offers a research experience or you " +
-                "voluntarily participate in research with a professor affiliated to the " +
-                "Rio Piedras Campus. </p> " +
-                "\n" +
-                "<h2> Time Commitment </h2> " +
-                "<p align='justify'> In the study you will be asked to answer a questionnaire, about your " +
-                "perception of self-efficacy in research, scientific identity and decision-making " +
-                "about your professional career at the beginning and end of your research experience. " +
-                "It will take you between 10-20 minutes to answer this questionnaire. You are " +
-                "also expected to respond to short questionnaires between 1-3 times per week " +
-                "while you are participating in the research. You will receive notifications at " +
-                "random times during your research experience and answer questions adapted from " +
-                "survey instruments that have been previously validated. It will take you between " +
-                "1-3 minutes to answer these questionnaires. It is expected that 25 students will " +
-                "participate in this phase of the study.</p> " +
-                "\n" +
-                "<h2> Data Gathering </h2> " +
-                "<p align='justify'> While answering the questions, you may feel uncomfortable because " +
-                "the questions are about your general opinion about science and research and your career. " +
-                "If you feel uncomfortable with the questions, you can stop and choose not to answer the question. " +
-                "When you download the application, it will occupy space in the memory of your mobile device and " +
-                "also consume your data plan in the transmission of information when you answer the questionnaires. " +
-                "It is estimated that the application will have a size of 40 Mb (As reference the WhatsApp " +
-                "application is 88.9 Mb). Although at the moment we cannot say exactly how much memory or " +
-                "data you will consume, we understand that both will be minimal. The risks of this study " +
-                "are minimal. </p> " +
-                "\n" +
-                "<h2> Privacy </h2> " +
-                "<p align='justify'> Your identity will be protected throughout the study. Your identifiable " +
-                "information will be handled confidentially and when presenting the results of " +
-                "the investigation you will not be identified. The information you issue through " +
-                "the application will be through access credentials (username and password) that " +
-                "only you will know. These access credentials will be encrypted and any subsequent " +
-                "association between you and your data will be made by reference to the encrypted " +
-                "information, not your personal identity. The data collected through the " +
-                "questionnaires will be stored digitally on a secure hard drive in the researcher's " +
-                "office. These data will also be stored virtually in the cloud, with access limited " +
-                "only to researchers. </p> " +
-                "\n" +
-                "<h2> Use of Data </h2> " +
-                "<p align='justify'> The data obtained will be used to improve academic offerings and research " +
-                "experiences. The results of this study may be part of a scientific publication " +
-                "on science education strategies and will serve as a basis to improve the teaching " +
-                "curriculum. It may be used to develop proposals for obtaining external funds for " +
-                "research. The officials of the Rio Piedras Campus of the University of Puerto Rico " +
-                "and / or federal agencies responsible for ensuring the integrity of the research " +
-                "may require the researcher to prove the data obtained in this study, including " +
-                "this informed consent. </p> " +
-                "\n" +
-                "<h2> General </h2> " +
-                "<p align ='justify'> If you decide to participate in this study, understand that your participation " +
-                "is completely voluntary and that you have the right to abstain from participating or even withdraw at " +
-                "any time of the study without incurring in any penalty. In the application you will find the instructions " +
-                "to withdraw from the study and stop receiving notifications if you wish. You also have the right not to " +
-                "answer any question if you wish. Your participation in this study will not affect in any way your academic " +
-                "evaluation in the courses in which you are carrying out this research. Finally, you have the right to " +
-                "receive a copy of this document.\n" +
-                "\n" + "If you have any questions or would like more information about this study, please contact " +
-                "Prof. Ramirez Lugo at 787-764-0000 Ext. 88068, at 787-918-5330 or by email at juan.ramirez3@upr.edu " +
-                "at any moment. If you have any questions about your rights as a participant or claim or complaint related " +
-                "to your participation in this study, you may contact the Compliance Officer of the R’o Piedras Campus of " +
-                "the University of Puerto Rico, at telephone 764-0000, extension 86773 or cipshi. degi@upr.edu.\n" +
-                "\n" +
-                "Your signature on this document means that you have decided to participate voluntarily, that the information " +
-                "presented on this Consent Sheet has been discussed and that you have received a copy of this document. " +
-                "This printed sheet will be stored under lock and key for a period of 5 years after completion of the " +
-                "investigation and will then be shredded and discarded.</div>");
-
-        // Create the Consent doc step, pass in our HTML doc
+        String consentHtmlString =
+
+                "<br>" +
+
+                "<div style='padding: 10px;' class='header'>" +
+                    "<h1 style='text-align: center; font-family:sans-serif-light;'>" + getString(R.string.rsb_consent_review_title) + "</h1>" +
+                    "<p style='text-align: center'>" + getString(R.string.rsb_consent_review_instruction) + "</p>" +
+                "</div>" +
+
+                "<br>" +
+
+                "<div>" +
+                    "<h2>" + getString(R.string.overviewTitleText) + "</h2>" +
+                    "<p align='justify'>" + getString(R.string.consentOverview) + "</p>" +
+
+                    "<h2>" + getString(R.string.timeCommitmentTitleText) + "</h2>" +
+                    "<p align='justify'>" + getString(R.string.consentTimeCommitment) + "</p>" +
+
+                    "<h2>" + getString(R.string.dataGatheringTitleText) + "</h2>" +
+                    "<p align='justify'>" + getString(R.string.consentDataGathering) + "</p>" +
+
+                    "<h2>" + getString(R.string.privacyTitleText) + "</h2>" +
+                    "<p align='justify'>" + getString(R.string.consentPrivacy) + "</p>" +
+
+                    "<h2>" + getString(R.string.dataUseTitleText) + "</h2>" +
+                    "<p align='justify'>" + getString(R.string.consentDataUse) + "</p>" +
+
+                    "<h2>" + getString(R.string.generalTitleText) + "</h2>" +
+                    "<p align='justify'>" + getString(R.string.consentGeneral) + "</p>" +
+                    "<p align='justify'>" + getString(R.string.consentConclusion) + "</p>" +
+                "</div>";
+
+
+        // Create the consent document step and pass in our HTML
         ConsentDocumentStep documentStep = new ConsentDocumentStep(CONSENT_DOC);
-        documentStep.setConsentHTML(docBuilder.toString());
+        documentStep.setConsentHTML(consentHtmlString);
         documentStep.setConfirmMessage(getString(R.string.rsb_consent_review_reason));
 
+
         // Create Consent form step, to get users first & last name
 //        FormStep formStep = new FormStep(SIGNATURE_FORM_STEP,
 //                "Form Title",
@@ -386,7 +288,8 @@ public class GettingStartedActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
 //        QuestionStep fullName = new QuestionStep(NAME, "Full name", format);
 //        formStep.setFormSteps(Collections.singletonList(fullName));
 
-        // Create Consent signature step, user can sign their name
+
+        // Create the consent signature step (so that user can sign)
         ConsentSignatureStep signatureStep = new ConsentSignatureStep(SIGNATURE);
         signatureStep.setStepTitle(R.string.rsb_consent);
         signatureStep.setTitle(getString(R.string.rsb_consent_signature_title));
@@ -395,9 +298,18 @@ public class GettingStartedActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
         signatureStep.setOptional(false);
         signatureStep.setStepLayoutClass(ConsentSignatureStepLayout.class);
 
+
+        // Create consent document
+        ConsentDocument document = new ConsentDocument();
+        document.setTitle(getString(R.string.appName) + " Consent");
+        document.setSignaturePageTitle(R.string.rsb_consent);
+        document.addSignature(signature);
+        document.getHtmlReviewContent();
+
+
         // Finally, create and present a task including these steps.
         Task consentTask = new OrderedTask(CONSENT,
-                visualStep,
+                visualStep1,
                 visualStep2,
                 visualStep3,
                 visualStep4,
@@ -406,8 +318,6 @@ public class GettingStartedActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
 //                formStep,
                 signatureStep);
 
-        document.addSignature(signature);
-        document.getHtmlReviewContent();
 
         // Launch using the ViewTaskActivity and make sure to listen for the activity result
         Intent intent = ViewTaskActivity.newIntent(this, consentTask);
@@ -418,187 +328,154 @@ public class GettingStartedActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
 
     private String createPdf(byte[] signatureBytes, String consentDate) {
 
-        Document document = new Document();
-        String consentBase64 = null;
         try {
-            String directory_path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + "/consent-tania-app.pdf";
 
-            PdfWriter.getInstance(document, new FileOutputStream(directory_path));
+            // Open document
+            Document document = new Document();
+            String filePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + getString(R.string.consentFileName);
+            PdfWriter.getInstance(document, new FileOutputStream(filePath));
             document.open();
 
+
+            // Define fonts and offsets
             Font titleFont = new Font(Font.FontFamily.HELVETICA, 20, Font.BOLD, BaseColor.BLACK);
-            Chunk titleChunk = new Chunk("Consent form:\nTANIA", titleFont);
+            Font subtitleFont = new Font(Font.FontFamily.HELVETICA, 14, Font.BOLD, BaseColor.BLACK);
+            Font signatureSectionFont = new Font(Font.FontFamily.HELVETICA, 12, Font.BOLDITALIC, BaseColor.BLACK);
+            int signatureOffsetX = 145;
+            int signatureOffsetY = -24;
+
+
+            // Consent Title
+            Chunk titleChunk = new Chunk("Consent form:\n" + getString(R.string.appName), titleFont);
             Paragraph title = new Paragraph(titleChunk);
             title.setAlignment(Element.ALIGN_CENTER);
             document.add(title);
 
-            Paragraph newLine = new Paragraph("\n");
+            Paragraph newLine = new Paragraph("\n"); // TODO: find out if this is necessary
             document.add(newLine);
 
-            String consentIntro = "You have been invited to participate in this study whose objectives are (1) " +
-                    "to develop and demonstrate the utility of a mobile application (TANIA) to collect " +
-                    "perception data of students participating in research experiences and (2) to use " +
-                    "TANIA to determine the sources of self-efficacy that lead to career exploration " +
-                    "and decision-making in undergraduate students. This study is been carried out " +
-                    "under the supervision of Dr. Juan S. Ramirez Lugo, Department of Biology and " +
-                    "Dr. Carlos Corrada Bravo, Department of Computer Sciences at the University of " +
-                    "Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus. You were selected to participate in this study " +
-                    "because you are enrolled in a course that offers a research experience or you " +
-                    "voluntarily participate in research with a professor affiliated to the " +
-                    "Rio Piedras Campus. \n\n";
-            Paragraph paragraph1 = new Paragraph(consentIntro);
+
+            // Consent Section 1 - Overview (Welcome)
+            String consentOverview = getString(R.string.consentOverview);
+            Paragraph paragraph1 = new Paragraph(consentOverview);
             paragraph1.setAlignment(Element.ALIGN_JUSTIFIED);
             document.add(paragraph1);
 
 
-            Font subTitlesFont = new Font(Font.FontFamily.HELVETICA, 14, Font.BOLD, BaseColor.BLACK);
-            Chunk subtitle1 = new Chunk("Time Commitment", subTitlesFont);
+            // Consent Section 2 - Time Commitment
+            Chunk subtitle1 = new Chunk(getString(R.string.timeCommitmentTitleText), subtitleFont);
             Paragraph timeCommitmentTitle = new Paragraph(subtitle1);
             document.add(timeCommitmentTitle);
 
-            String consentTimeCommitment = "In the study you will be asked to answer a questionnaire, about your " +
-                    "perception of self-efficacy in research, scientific identity and decision-making " +
-                    "about your professional career at the beginning and end of your research experience. " +
-                    "It will take you between 10-20 minutes to answer this questionnaire. You are " +
-                    "also expected to respond to short questionnaires between 1-3 times per week " +
-                    "while you are participating in the research. You will receive notifications at " +
-                    "random times during your research experience and answer questions adapted from " +
-                    "survey instruments that have been previously validated. It will take you between " +
-                    "1-3 minutes to answer these questionnaires. It is expected that 25 students will " +
-                    "participate in this phase of the study.\n ";
+            String consentTimeCommitment = getString(R.string.consentTimeCommitment);
             Paragraph paragraph2 = new Paragraph(consentTimeCommitment);
             paragraph2.setAlignment(Element.ALIGN_JUSTIFIED);
             document.add(paragraph2);
 
-            Chunk subtitle2 = new Chunk("Data Gathering", subTitlesFont);
+
+            // Consent Section 3 - Data Gathering
+            Chunk subtitle2 = new Chunk(getString(R.string.dataGatheringTitleText), subtitleFont);
             Paragraph dataGatheringTitle = new Paragraph(subtitle2);
             document.add(dataGatheringTitle);
 
-            String consentDataGathering = "While answering the questions, you may feel uncomfortable because " +
-                    "the questions are about your general opinion about science and research and your career. " +
-                    "If you feel uncomfortable with the questions, you can stop and choose not to answer the question. " +
-                    "When you download the application, it will occupy space in the memory of your mobile device and " +
-                    "also consume your data plan in the transmission of information when you answer the questionnaires. " +
-                    "It is estimated that the application will have a size of 40 Mb (As reference the WhatsApp " +
-                    "application is 88.9 Mb). Although at the moment we cannot say exactly how much memory or " +
-                    "data you will consume, we understand that both will be minimal. The risks of this study " +
-                    "are minimal. \n ";
+            String consentDataGathering = getString(R.string.consentDataGathering);
             Paragraph paragraph3 = new Paragraph(consentDataGathering);
             paragraph3.setAlignment(Element.ALIGN_JUSTIFIED);
             document.add(paragraph3);
 
 
-            Chunk subtitle3 = new Chunk("Privacy", subTitlesFont);
+            // Consent Section 4 - Privacy
+            Chunk subtitle3 = new Chunk(getString(R.string.privacyTitleText), subtitleFont);
             Paragraph privacyTitle = new Paragraph(subtitle3);
             document.add(privacyTitle);
 
-            String consentPrivacy = "Your identity will be protected throughout the study. Your identifiable " +
-                    "information will be handled confidentially and when presenting the results of " +
-                    "the investigation you will not be identified. The information you issue through " +
-                    "the application will be through access credentials (username and password) that " +
-                    "only you will know. These access credentials will be encrypted and any subsequent " +
-                    "association between you and your data will be made by reference to the encrypted " +
-                    "information, not your personal identity. The data collected through the " +
-                    "questionnaires will be stored digitally on a secure hard drive in the researcher's " +
-                    "office. These data will also be stored virtually in the cloud, with access limited " +
-                    "only to researchers. \n\n";
-
+            String consentPrivacy = getString(R.string.consentPrivacy);
             Paragraph paragraph4 = new Paragraph(consentPrivacy);
             paragraph4.setAlignment(Element.ALIGN_JUSTIFIED);
             document.add(paragraph4);
 
-            Chunk subtitle4 = new Chunk("Use of Data", subTitlesFont);
+
+            // Consent Section 5 - Data Use
+            Chunk subtitle4 = new Chunk(getString(R.string.dataUseTitleText), subtitleFont);
             Paragraph useOfDataTitle = new Paragraph(subtitle4);
             document.add(useOfDataTitle);
 
-            String consentUseOfData = "The data obtained will be used to improve academic offerings and research " +
-                    "experiences. The results of this study may be part of a scientific publication " +
-                    "on science education strategies and will serve as a basis to improve the teaching " +
-                    "curriculum. It may be used to develop proposals for obtaining external funds for " +
-                    "research. The officials of the Rio Piedras Campus of the University of Puerto Rico " +
-                    "and / or federal agencies responsible for ensuring the integrity of the research " +
-                    "may require the researcher to prove the data obtained in this study, including " +
-                    "this informed consent. \n\n";
-
+            String consentUseOfData = getString(R.string.consentDataUse);
             Paragraph paragraph5 = new Paragraph(consentUseOfData);
             paragraph5.setAlignment(Element.ALIGN_JUSTIFIED);
             document.add(paragraph5);
 
-            Chunk subtitle5 = new Chunk("General", subTitlesFont);
+
+            // Consent Section 6 - General & Conclusion
+            Chunk subtitle5 = new Chunk(getString(R.string.generalTitleText), subtitleFont);
             Paragraph generalTitle = new Paragraph(subtitle5);
             document.add(generalTitle);
 
-            String consentGeneral = "If you decide to participate in this study, understand that your participation " +
-                    "is completely voluntary and that you have the right to abstain from participating or even withdraw at " +
-                    "any time of the study without incurring in any penalty. In the application you will find the instructions " +
-                    "to withdraw from the study and stop receiving notifications if you wish. You also have the right not to " +
-                    "answer any question if you wish. Your participation in this study will not affect in any way your academic " +
-                    "evaluation in the courses in which you are carrying out this research. Finally, you have the right to " +
-                    "receive a copy of this document.\n\n";
-
+            String consentGeneral = getString(R.string.consentGeneral);
             Paragraph paragraph6 = new Paragraph(consentGeneral);
             paragraph6.setAlignment(Element.ALIGN_JUSTIFIED);
             document.add(paragraph6);
 
-            String consentConclusion = "If you have any questions or would like more information about this study, please contact " +
-                    "Prof. Ramirez Lugo at 787-764-0000 Ext. 88068, at 787-918-5330 or by email at juan.ramirez3@upr.edu " +
-                    "at any moment. If you have any questions about your rights as a participant or claim or complaint related " +
-                    "to your participation in this study, you may contact the Compliance Officer of the R’o Piedras Campus of " +
-                    "the University of Puerto Rico, at telephone 764-0000, extension 86773 or cipshi. degi@upr.edu.\n\n" +
-                    "Your signature on this document means that you have decided to participate voluntarily, that the information " +
-                    "presented on this Consent Sheet has been discussed and that you have received a copy of this document. " +
-                    "This printed sheet will be stored under lock and key for a period of 5 years after completion of the " +
-                    "investigation and will then be shredded and discarded. \n\n\n";
-
+            String consentConclusion = getString(R.string.consentConclusion);
             Paragraph paragraph7 = new Paragraph(consentConclusion);
             paragraph7.setAlignment(Element.ALIGN_JUSTIFIED);
             document.add(paragraph7);
 
-            Chunk participantSignature = new Chunk("Participant's signature:", new Font(Font.FontFamily.HELVETICA, 12, Font.BOLDITALIC, BaseColor.BLACK));
+
+            // Signature Section
+            Chunk participantSignature = new Chunk("Participant's signature:", signatureSectionFont);
             Paragraph paragraph8 = new Paragraph(participantSignature);
             document.add(paragraph8);
 
             Image consentSignatureImage = Image.getInstance(signatureBytes);
-            Chunk signatureImage = new Chunk(consentSignatureImage, 145, -24);
+            Chunk signatureImage = new Chunk(consentSignatureImage, signatureOffsetX, signatureOffsetY);
             Paragraph paragraph11 = new Paragraph(signatureImage);
             document.add(paragraph11);
 
-            Chunk signatureDate = new Chunk("Signed on: " + consentDate, new Font(Font.FontFamily.HELVETICA, 12, Font.BOLDITALIC, BaseColor.BLACK));
+            Chunk signatureDate = new Chunk("Signed on: " + consentDate, signatureSectionFont);
             Paragraph paragraph9 = new Paragraph(signatureDate);
             document.add(paragraph9);
 
+
+            // Finish and store document
             document.close();
 
-            File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + "/consent-tania-app.pdf");
+
+            // Read document back, encode to base64 and return
+            // TODO: find out if we really need to read it back,
+            //  cause AndroidStudio says its value is ignored
+            File file = new File(filePath);
             int size = (int) file.length();
             byte[] consentBytes = new byte[size];
 
-            try {
-                BufferedInputStream buf = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
-                buf.read(consentBytes, 0, consentBytes.length);
-                buf.close();
-            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            } catch (IOException e) {
-                e.printStackTrace();
-            }
+            BufferedInputStream buffer = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
+            buffer.read(consentBytes, 0, consentBytes.length);
+            buffer.close();
 
-            consentBase64 = android.util.Base64.encodeToString(consentBytes, android.util.Base64.DEFAULT);
-            return consentBase64;
+            return Base64.encodeToString(consentBytes, Base64.DEFAULT);
 
         } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Couldn't find generated consent form!");
             e.printStackTrace();
-        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
+            return null;
         } catch (IOException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Couldn't read back generated consent form!");
             e.printStackTrace();
+            return null;
         } catch (BadElementException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Couldn't create a consent form element!");
             e.printStackTrace();
+            return null;
         } catch (DocumentException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Something went wrong while fiddling with the consent form creation!");
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            return null;
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            Log.wtf(TAG, "Call to launchConsent() went wrong!");
             e.printStackTrace();
+            return null;
         }
 
-        return consentBase64;
     }
 }
 

app/src/main/res/values/strings.xml

@@ -48,5 +48,30 @@
     <string name="experienceRegistrationTitleText">Activate Experience</string>
     <string name="experienceRegistrationDescriptionText">Click the button below to enter the research experience you are participating in.</string>
     <string name="experienceRegistrationButtonText">Enter</string>
+    <!--  Consent Document Information  -->
     <string name="consentFileName">/consent-tania-app.pdf</string>
+    <string name="consentOverview">You have been invited to participate in this study whose objectives are (1) to develop and demonstrate the utility of a mobile application (TANIA) to collect perception data of students participating in research experiences and (2) to use TANIA to determine the sources of self-efficacy that lead to career exploration and decision-making in undergraduate students. This study is been carried out under the supervision of Dr. Juan S. Ramírez Lugo, Department of Biology and Dr. Carlos Corrada Bravo, Department of Computer Sciences at the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus. You were selected to participate in this study because you are enrolled in a course that offers a research experience or you voluntarily participate in research with a professor affiliated to the Río Piedras Campus.</string>
+    <string name="consentTimeCommitment">In the study you will be asked to answer a questionnaire, about your perception of self-efficacy in research, scientific identity and decision-making about your professional career at the beginning and end of your research experience. It will take you between 10-20 minutes to answer this questionnaire. You are also expected to respond to short questionnaires between 1-3 times per week while you are participating in the research. You will receive notifications at random times during your research experience and answer questions adapted from survey instruments that have been previously validated. It will take you between 1-3 minutes to answer these questionnaires. It is expected that 25 students will participate in this phase of the study.</string>
+    <string name="consentDataGathering">While answering the questions, you may feel uncomfortable because the questions are about your general opinion about science and research and your career. If you feel uncomfortable with the questions, you can stop and choose not to answer the question. When you download the application, it will occupy space in the memory of your mobile device and also consume your data plan in the transmission of information when you answer the questionnaires. It is estimated that the application will have a size of 40 Mb (As reference the WhatsApp application is 88.9 Mb). Although at the moment we cannot say exactly how much memory or data you will consume, we understand that both will be minimal. The risks of this study are minimal.</string>
+    <string name="consentPrivacy">Your identity will be protected throughout the study. Your identifiable information will be handled confidentially and when presenting the results of the investigation you will not be identified. The information you issue through the application will be through access credentials (username and password) that only you will know. These access credentials will be encrypted and any subsequent association between you and your data will be made by reference to the encrypted information, not your personal identity. The data collected through the questionnaires will be stored digitally on a secure hard drive in the researcher\'s office. These data will also be stored virtually in the cloud, with access limited only to researchers.</string>
+    <string name="consentDataUse">The data obtained will be used to improve academic offerings and research experiences. The results of this study may be part of a scientific publication on science education strategies and will serve as a basis to improve the teaching curriculum. It may be used to develop proposals for obtaining external funds for research. The officials of the Río Piedras Campus of the University of Puerto Rico and / or federal agencies responsible for ensuring the integrity of the research may require the researcher to prove the data obtained in this study, including this informed consent.</string>
+    <string name="consentGeneral">If you decide to participate in this study, understand that your participation is completely voluntary and that you have the right to abstain from participating or even withdraw at any time of the study without incurring in any penalty. In the application you will find the instructions to withdraw from the study and stop receiving notifications if you wish. You also have the right not to answer any question if you wish. Your participation in this study will not affect in any way your academic evaluation in the courses in which you are carrying out this research. Finally, you have the right to receive a copy of this document.</string>
+    <string name="consentConclusion">If you have any questions or would like more information about this study, please contact Prof. Ramírez Lugo at 787-764-0000 Ext. 88068, at 787-918-5330 or by email at juan.ramirez3@upr.edu at any moment. If you have any questions about your rights as a participant or claim or complaint related to your participation in this study, you may contact the Compliance Officer of the Río Piedras Campus of the University of Puerto Rico, at telephone 764-0000, extension 86773 or cipshi. degi@upr.edu. Your signature on this document means that you have decided to participate voluntarily, that the information presented on this Consent Sheet has been discussed and that you have received a copy of this document. This printed sheet will be stored under lock and key for a period of 5 years after completion of the investigation and will then be shredded and discarded.</string>
+    <!--  Getting Started Activity  -->
+    <string name="overviewConsentSectionSummaryText">You have been invited to participate in this study whose objectives are (1) to develop and demonstrate the utility of a mobile application (TANIA) to collect perception data of students participating in research experiences and (2) to use TANIA to determine the sources of self-efficacy that lead to career exploration and decision-making in undergraduate students.</string>
+    <string name="overviewConsentSectionContentText">This study is been carried out under the supervision of Dr. Juan S. Ramírez Lugo, Department of Biology and Dr. Carlos Corrada Bravo, Department of Computer Sciences at the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus. You were selected to participate in this study because you are enrolled in a course that offers a research experience or you voluntarily participate in research with a professor affiliated to the Río Piedras Campus.</string>
+    <string name="timeCommitmentConsentSectionContentText">You are also expected to respond to short questionnaires between 1-3 times per week while you are participating in the research. You will receive notifications at random times during your research experience and answer questions adapted from survey instruments that have been previously validated. It will take you between 1-3 minutes to answer these questionnaires. It is expected that 25 students will participate in this phase of the study.</string>
+    <string name="timeCommitmentConsentSectionSummaryText">In the study you will be asked to answer a questionnaire, about your perception of self-efficacy in research, scientific identity and decision-making about your professional career at the beginning and end of your research experience. It will take you between 10-20 minutes to answer this questionnaire.</string>
+    <string name="dataGatheringConsentSectionSummaryText">While answering the questions, you may feel uncomfortable because the questions are about your general opinion about science and research and your career. If you feel uncomfortable with the questions, you can stop and choose not to answer the question.</string>
+    <string name="dataGatheringConsentSectionContentText">In addition, when you download the application, it will occupy space in the memory of your mobile device and also consume your data plan in the transmission of information when you answer the questionnaires. It is estimated that the application will have a size of 40 Mb (As reference the WhatsApp application is 88.9 Mb). Although at the moment we cannot say exactly how much memory or data you will consume, we understand that both will be minimal. The risks of this study are minimal.</string>
+    <string name="privacyConsentSectionSummaryText">Your identity will be protected throughout the study. Your identifiable information will be handled confidentially and when presenting the results of the investigation you will not be identified.</string>
+    <string name="privacyConsentSectionContentText">The information you issue through the application will be through access credentials (username and password) that only you will know. These access credentials will be encrypted and any subsequent association between you and your data will be made by reference to the encrypted information, not your personal identity. The data collected through the questionnaires will be stored digitally on a secure hard drive in the researcher\'s office. These data will also be stored virtually in the cloud, with access limited only to researchers.</string>
+    <string name="dataUseConsentSectionSummaryText">The data obtained will be used to improve academic offerings and research experiences. The results of this study may be part of a scientific publication on science education strategies and will serve as a basis to improve the teaching curriculum.</string>
+    <string name="dataUseConsentSectionContentText">It may be used to develop proposals for obtaining external funds for research. The officials of the Río Piedras Campus of the University of Puerto Rico and / or federal agencies responsible for ensuring the integrity of the research may require the researcher to prove the data obtained in this study, including this informed consent. The information handled by your device can be intervened or revised by third parties. These people can be people with legitimate or illegitimate access to the device and its content such as a family member, employer, hackers, intruders, etc. In addition, the device that you use may keep track of the information you access or send over the Internet.</string>
+    <string name="overviewTitleText">Welcome</string>
+    <string name="timeCommitmentTitleText">Time Commitment</string>
+    <string name="dataGatheringTitleText">Data Gathering</string>
+    <string name="privacyTitleText">Privacy</string>
+    <string name="dataUseTitleText">Use of Data</string>
+    <string name="generalTitleText">General</string>
 </resources>